Enabling lunar navigation

For the first time in over half a century, humans are going back to the moon. However, unlike the ground-breaking efforts of the1960s and 1970s, modern missions such as ESA’s Lunar Pathfinder will place greater demands on positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) functions. This brings with it a set of challenges – some familiar to terrestrial PNT providers and users, and some unique to areas outside Earth’s frame of reference. Understanding and addressing these challenges, and developing working solutions, will be critical to success.